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The most basic functions of capacitors in chip capacitor manufacturers

2024-06-26 10:28

Every electronic component has its own function, it's just a matter of size. When we are using chip capacitors, we need to know what their functions are, so that we can know how to design circuit boards to maximize the effectiveness of each electronic component. Next, let's talk about the most basic functions of SMT capacitors

In general electronic circuits, chip capacitors are commonly used to achieve bypass, filtering, coupling, oscillation, phase shift, and waveform transformation. These functions are the evolution of its charging and discharging functions. The process of charging the SMT capacitor (storing charge and energy) is called charging. At this point, the two plates of the SMT capacitor are always positively charged on one plate and equally negatively charged on the other plate. Connect one electrode of the SMT capacitor to the positive pole of a power source (such as a battery pack) and the other electrode to the negative pole of the power source, and the two electrodes will each carry an equal amount of different charges. After charging, there is an electric field between the two plates of the SMT capacitor, and the charging process stores the electrical energy obtained from the power source in the SMT capacitor.

The detection method for SMT capacitors, A detects small capacitors below 10pf. Due to the small size of SMT capacitors below 10pf, a multimeter can only be used to measure qualitatively whether there is leakage, internal short circuit, or breakdown. When measuring, the R * 10K range of a multimeter can be selected, and two probes can be used to connect any two wires of the capacitor. The resistance value should be infinite. If the measured resistance value (pointer swinging to the right) is zero. It indicates that the capacitor is damaged by leakage or internal breakdown. Check if there is any charging phenomenon in the 10pf-0.01uf SMT capacitor to determine its quality.

The process of discharging, which causes the charged SMT capacitor to lose its charge (releasing charge and electrical energy), is called discharge. For example, if a wire is used to connect the two poles of a patch capacitor, the charges on the two poles will neutralize each other, and the patch capacitor will release charges and electrical energy. The electric field between the two plates of the chip capacitor after placement disappears, and the electrical energy is converted into other forms of energy.

Select R * 1 range for the SMT capacitor multimeter. The beta values of both transistors are above 100, and the penetration current should be small. Composite tubes can be composed of silicon transistors of models such as 3DG6. The red and black probes of the multimeter are connected to the emitter e and collector c of the composite tube, respectively. Due to the amplification effect of the composite transistor, the charging and discharging process of the measured capacitor is amplified, which increases the amplitude of the multimeter pointer swing and facilitates observation. It should be noted that during testing operations, especially when measuring capacitors with smaller capacities, it is necessary to repeatedly swap the pins of the tested chip capacitors to contact two points AB in order to clearly see the oscillation of the multimeter pointer. For fixed capacitors above 0.01uf, the R * 10K range of a multimeter can be used to directly test whether the SMD capacitor has charging process and whether there is internal short circuit or leakage. The capacity of the SMD capacitor can be estimated based on the amplitude of the pointer swinging to the right.

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